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CREATOR HELM

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Disclaimer: This school is based on real-world experience, not legal theory. We are not attorneys. Any legal decisions you make should be consulted with a qualified attorney in your state of residence.

A - About (Identity)

Business Entities

Disclaimer: This school is based on real-world experience, not legal theory. We are not attorneys. Any legal decisions you make should be consulted with a qualified attorney.

M - Music (Metadata)

New Release

Disclaimer: This school is based on real-world experience, not legal theory. We are not attorneys. Any legal decisions you make should be consulted with a qualified attorney.

Catalog

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E - Education

Music Quest

"No matter what the game, if you don't know the rules, the game will play YOU."

Disclaimer: This school is based on real-world experience, not legal theory. We are not attorneys. Any legal decisions you make should be consulted with a qualified attorney in your state of residence.

Tab 1 - Human + Business Identity

I. Learn (Pre-Release) - Understand Each Player

I used to think of record labels as these giant, mythical palaces where only "big shots" got to hang out. I thought you had to be discovered by some all-powerful music executive to even get an invite.

What I didn't get is that a record label isn't necessarily a building—it's the business framework of the industry. Learning the players in that framework is the first boss battle on your quest.

1. What is a Record Label?

In simple terms, a record label is the business entity that handles all the stuff artists hate: distributing the music, protecting the copyrights for the sound recordings, collecting the royalties for those recordings, and managing the metadata. A label's job is focused on the master recording—the final product you hear on streaming services. Aren't you doing that anyway?

2. What is a Publisher?

A music publisher is often times also the record label. Think of a publisher as a sort of middle man or promoter for the song. They manage and protect the copyright of the song and are responsible for collecting all the royalties associated with the composition. This business can also be an LLC or a sole proprietorship. What are those? I got you in the next chapter.

3. Tying It All Together

Label vs Publisher Graphic
The Most Important Secret in the Music Industry:

The industry wants you to think you are only an "Artist" or "Songwriter." They do this so you'll sign a contract with a "Label" or a "Publisher" who will "help" you. This is the redirect.

You, the independent creator, are BOTH the Publisher AND the Label. The "thieves" of the industry are almost always "publishing companies" (often run by a "trusted friend") who offer "help" in exchange for you signing over your "Publisher's share" of the Composition. This is the single most valuable asset a creator has, and they trick you into giving it away.

Never give up your Publisher's share. If you remember nothing else, remember this.

4. Practical Explanation

  • Artist "The Wonder Dawg" hired...
  • Marco Antonio Berrios to be his beat maker and lyricist.
  • This beat and the lyrics are known as "the composition".
  • Marco Berrios is the Songwriter.
  • Super Funky Tron recorded the master so this makes them the label IF they register as the label.
  • Super Funky Tron is also going to promote the song, which makes them the Publisher, IF they register as the Publisher.

II. Learn the Royalty Basics

Understanding that every song in the world has two (2) copyrights (legal souls):

  • The Composition (©): This is the song itself—the melody, lyrics, and structure. This is the property of the Songwriter and their Publisher.
  • The Master Recording (℗): This is the specific audio file of that song—the "master" copy. This is the property of the Artist and their Label.

This system is designed this way for a reason. Whether you sign with a major label or decide to build your own, you have to operate within that framework.

III. Learning and Choosing Your Business Structure

Your business structure is the legal shield that separates your creative career from your personal life.

First, a secret: to be a record label, you don't need a building or a team of executives. You simply need to declare yourself a record label and establish legal framework.

Option 1: Sole Proprietorship/DBA (The Simple Start)

Think of a sole proprietorship as the most basic business structure there is. The business is simply an extension of you. "DBA" means "Doing Business As"

  • The Action: You don't have to do anything to be a sole proprietor. You simply are one. You may need to file a DBA if you use a name other than your own.
  • The Why: Simplicity. No startup costs.
  • The Caveat: Unlimited personal liability. No legal separation between you and business.
Option 2: LLC - Limited Liability Company (The Professional Shield)

An LLC is a separate legal entity from you, the owner.

  • The Action: File Articles of Organization with your state. Get an EIN.
  • The Why: Limited liability protection. Personal assets are protected.
  • The Caveat: Setup costs and annual fees/taxes depending on the state.
My Decision: Start Where You Are

For me, the choice was clear, but not by preference. The limited liability protection of an LLC was always the goal, but to be honest, I was broke and couldn't afford the fees. The only realistic choice I had was to start as a sole proprietorship.

III. Establish Yourself As a Player (Pre-Release)

Purpose: Establish the necessary entities to protect your work, track your music, and begin the process of collecting all types of royalties.

1. Establish Performing Rights Organization (PRO) Accounts
  • Purpose: To collect public performance royalties (radio, TV, streaming) for the musical composition.
  • Action: Register both a Songwriter/Composer account AND a Publisher account with your chosen PRO (ASCAP, BMI, SESAC).
  • Result: Separate IPI numbers for Writer and Publisher.
  • Example: ASCAP
2. Establish Accounts with The Mechanical Licensing Collective (MLC)
  • Purpose: To collect digital mechanical royalties from interactive streaming services.
  • Action: Register both Songwriter and Publisher accounts with The MLC.
  • Result: Separate account numbers for Writer and Publisher.
  • Link: The MLC
3. Establish Accounts with SoundExchange
  • Purpose: To collect digital performance royalties for the sound recording (non-interactive digital services).
  • Action: Register a Featured Performer account and a Sound Recording Copyright Owner account.
  • Result: Separate account numbers for Performer and Rights Owner.
  • Link: SoundExchange
4. Establish ISNI (International Standard Name Identifier)
  • Purpose: A unique "digital passport" for your public identity.
  • Action: Go through an ISNI Registration Agency like Sound Credit.
  • Result: A 16-digit number that uniquely identifies you globally.
  • Link: ISNI

Tab 2 - File Identity

Song/Release-Specific Identifiers & Metadata

1. Identifiers & Registrations

  • ISRCs & UPCs: Obtain these via your Distributor OR a service like Sound Credit. They track sales/streams of the sound recording.
  • ISWC: Register the Musical Work with your PRO. This is the code for the composition (distinct from the recording).
  • Discogs: Register your release on Discogs for cataloging and community discovery.

2. Metadata Tagging & Distribution

Purpose: Missing or incorrect metadata is a leading cause of lost royalties. Accurate metadata is critical.

Action: Embed all collected metadata directly into your WAV or FLAC file. This includes:

  • Track Title
  • Artist Name
  • ISNI
  • ISWC
  • ISRC
  • UPC
  • Discogs Release Code
  • SoundExchange Performer ID
  • SoundExchange Rights Owner ID
  • Genre & Release Date
  • Written By (Name + IPI)
  • Published By (Name + IPI)
  • Copyright Notices (℗ & ©)
  • Album Art

Free Software for Tagging: Mp3tag (Windows), MusicBrainz Picard (Cross-platform), TagScanner (Windows), Kid3 (Cross-platform).

3. Final Check & Upload

Thoroughly review all tagged information for accuracy before uploading.

Tab 3 - Wallets & The 2 Paths

I. The Two Paths

Objective: Understand the two main highways for your music—Private vs. Public.

1. The Private Performance Path (The "DTC" Path)

What it is: The "Owning" model is the Direct-to-Consumer route. This path focuses on selling a copy of your music (digital downloads or physical goods) directly to your fans.

Analogy: This is like buying a pair of shoes. Your fan owns them. They can wear them whenever they want, in private. You get paid directly and fairly for your product.

2. The Public Performance Path (The "Distributor" Path)

What it is: This "Renting Model" is the traditional route of using a distributor to get your music onto public platforms like Pandora, Apple Music, YouTube Music, etc. These platforms are all forms of Public Performance. Listeners pay for temporary access.

Analogy: This is like renting shoes at a bowling alley. You pay for access, and the owner (the alley) gets paid for the public use. The owner of the bowling alley is then supposed to pay a royalty to the shoe manufacturer.

A Quick Note on Transparency

Even on this simple "Owning" path, there is one rule that good business follows. Because a "sale" is a legal "copy" of the composition, a Mechanical Royalty is owed to the Publisher. In a truly transparent model (like CreatorHelm/AmpWall), the storefront handles this by reporting the sale to The MLC, who then pays that royalty to... you, the Publisher.

II. The "Renting" Path Deep Dive (The Four Wallets)

When you "rent" your music (streaming), the money gets split into four different "wallets" depending on how it was played.

Industry Layers Graphic
Wallet 1: The "Radio" Wallet (Your PRO)

Who: PROs (ASCAP, BMI, SESAC, etc.)

What they do: Collect Public Performance royalties.

Who they pay: They split this money 50/50 between the Songwriter and the Publisher.

Wallet 2: The "On-Demand" Wallet (The MLC)

Who: The MLC (Mechanical Licensing Collective)

What they do: Collect Mechanical royalties (copies/streams).

Who they pay: They pay 100% of this money to the Publisher.

Wallet 3: The "On-Demand" Wallet (Your Distributor)

Who: Your Distributor (Distrokid, CarToon Core, etc.)

Who they pay: They pay you (as the Artist/Label) whatever is left.

Key Detail: The Aggregator Trap

To get on platforms like Spoti-lie, artists are forced to use one of these distributors. But the secret the industry hides is that most of these "competing" distributors aren't competitors at all. They are just different front-doors that all lead to the same few back-end aggregators. The market is dominated by a few giants like:

  • The Orchard (Sony): Owns AWAL, Red Essential, IODA.
  • Believe (TuneCore): Owns TuneCore, Groove Attack, Nuclear Blast.
  • Ingrooves (Universal): Part of Virgin Music Group.

While there are rare exceptions, this means that whether you pick Distributor A, B or C, your money often passes through another middleman (the aggregator) who takes a cut before you ever see a penny.

Wallet 4: The "Digital Radio" Wallet (SoundExchange)

Who: SoundExchange

What they do: Collect Digital Public Performance royalties for the master recording.

Where from: Non-interactive "radio-style" digital streaming (Pandora, SiriusXM).

Who they pay: They split this money between the Label (50%), the main Artist (45%), and session musicians (5%).

Tab 4 - Post Ops & Final Touches

Purpose: Maximize royalty collection after distribution and ensure your music is tracked.

1. Register Musical Work with The MLC (Final Step)

Confirm the link between the composition and its digital streams.

2. Register Sound Recording with SoundExchange (Final Step)

Register each sound recording using its ISRC(s).

3. Register Lyrics with MusixMatch

Ensure lyrics are synchronized and displayed on streaming platforms. Link: MusixMatch Pro

4. Register for Chart Tracking (Luminate & Mediabase)

5. US Copyright Office (Strongly Recommended)

To provide critical legal protection for your intellectual property (both the musical composition and the sound recording). www.copyright.gov

Your Quest is Complete.

You know the rules. Now play the game.

UPLOAD YOUR MUSIC NOW

N - Next (Post-Ops)

Release Quest Checklist

Disclaimer: This school is based on real-world experience, not legal theory. We are not attorneys. Any legal decisions you make should be consulted with a qualified attorney in your state of residence.